2015年中国结直肠癌发病和死亡情况分析

Analysis of incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China, 2015

背景与目的:根据国家癌症中心收集的恶性肿瘤登记资料,分析2015年中国结直肠癌发病和死亡情况。方法:收集整理全国501个登记点上报的2015年肿瘤登记资料,通过数据质量审核评估,计算按地区、性别和年龄等组合分类的结直肠癌发病率和死亡率,结合2015年全国人口数据估算全国结直肠癌发病和死亡各项统计指标。结果:2015年全国共有368个登记点的数据符合中国肿瘤登记年报纳入标准,覆盖3亿人口,占全国2015年年末人口的22.52%。估算全国结直肠癌新发病例数约为38.76万(男性22.50万,女性16.26万),中标率为18.02/10万(男性21.36/10万,女性14.79/10万),世标率为17.81/10万(男性21.21/10万,女性14.54/10万)。因结直肠癌死亡人数约为18.71万(男性10.95万,女性7.76万),中标率为8.21/10万(男性10.08/10万,女性6.47/10万),世标率为8.12/10万(男性10.01/10万,女性6.37万)。比较不同地区的分性别结直肠癌发病和死亡世标率,均为城市地区高于农村地区,东部地区高于中部和西部地区,中部和西部地区之间的各项指标差异均<1/10万。结直肠癌年龄别发病率和死亡率均随着年龄的增长而逐渐增长,不同性别的增长趋势相似。结论:结直肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,呈现明显的性别差异和地区差异,各分类的发病和死亡世标率均低于世界平均水平。

Background and purpose: This study aimed to estimate the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer in China, in 2015, based on population-based cancer registration data collected by the National Cancer Center. Methods: Based on the data quality review and assessment, the cancer registration data from 501 cancer registries in China were included in this study, which included new cases and deaths during 2015. According to the national population data in 2015, the nationwide incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer were estimated. Results: The data from 368 cancer registries were qualified, which covered a total of nearly million populations in China, accounting for 22.52% of the national population. There were 387.6 thousand new colorectal cancer cases(225.0 thousand males and 162.6 thousand females) estimated in China in 2015. The age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASRC) was 18.02 per 100 000(male: 21.36 per 100 000;female: 14.79 per 100 000). The age-standardized incidence rate by World Segi′s population(ASRW) was 17.81 per 100 000(male: 21.21 per 100 000;female: 14.54 per 100 000). There were 187.1 thousand colorectal cancer deaths(109.5 thousand males and 77.6 thousand females) estimated in China in 2015. The ASRC of mortality was 8.21 per 100 000(male: 10.08 per 100 000;female: 6.47 per 100 000). The ASRW of mortality was 8.12 per 100 000(male: 10.01 per 100 000;female: 6.37 per 100 000). When comparing ASRW of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in different regions stratified by gender, all rates of urban areas were higher than rural areas, and those of eastern areas of China were higher than those of middle areas and the western areas. The differences in rates between the middle areas and the western areas were less than 1 per 100 000. The age-specific rates of incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer all increased with age. The growth trends of different genders were similar. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer is one of the common cancers in China with significant gender and regional differences. The ASRW of incidence among female was higher than the average rate of worldwide. The other ASRW of incidence and mortality were lower than the average rates of worldwide.