2013-2017年江苏省江阴市14岁以下儿童水痘流行特征分析

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of varicella among children under 14 years old in Jiangyin City,Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2017

目的了解水痘在江阴市14岁以下儿童中的流行特征,为水痘防控工作提供依据。方法收集2013-2017年江阴市14岁以下儿童水痘疫情报告及个案资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果2013-2017年江阴市14岁以下儿童水痘病例共2969例,年均发病率302.73/10万。发病呈明显季节双峰分布,主高峰在11月~次年1月,次高峰在5~6月。5岁组为发病高峰年龄,各年龄组发病率曲线呈单峰分布。2969例水痘病例中共有突破病例1338例,水痘疫苗接种后间隔3~5年为发病高峰,88.27%的病例接种疫苗与水痘发病时间间隔≥3年。结论1剂次水痘疫苗并不能很好地起到预防水痘的效果,应加强学生群体水痘疫情监测,提高疫苗接种率。

Objective To get an insight into the epidemiological characteristics of varicella among children under 14 years old in Jiangyin City,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of varicella.Methods The reports of varicella epidemic and cases data of children under 14 years old in Jiangyin City were collected from 2013 to 2017,and the data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results From 2013 to 2017,there were 2969 cases of varicella among children under 14 years old in Jiangyin City,with an average annual incidence rate of 302.73/100000.The incidence of disease presented an obvious seasonal bimodal distribution.The main peak was from November to January,and the second peak was from May to June.The peak age was 5 years old,and the incidence curve of each age group showed single peak distribution.There were a total of 1338 breakthrough cases among the 2969 cases of varicella.The incidence peak was 3~5 years after varicella vaccination,and the interval between vaccination and varicella incidence was more than three years in 88.27%of the total cases.Conclusion One dose of varicella vaccine can not prevent varicella effectively,so it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of varicella outbreak among students and improve the vaccination rate.