13-14世纪丝绸之路与东西方体育文化交流的内容、方式及影响

The Contents,Modes and Influences of Silk Road and Sports Culture Exchanges between East and West in the 13th and 14th Centuries

以横跨欧亚的蒙元王朝的建立为契机,13~14世纪的陆、海丝绸之路全面拓通,东、西方之间和各民族之间的体育文化交流空前频繁。主要采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,深入探讨了13~14世纪东西方世界藉由丝绸之路展开的体育文化交流的主要内容、交流方式、历史影响和当代启示。研究认为:以丝绸之路为依托,13~14世纪东西方体育文化的交流内容包括骑马、射箭、摔跤、长跑、体育养身观念等,交流方式包括竞技比赛、宴会典礼、外交礼物等,交流动力包括军事训练、人员流动、娱乐消遣、外交往来等,交流效果体现为丰富和强化了中华体育的多元一体格局。对此加以研究,对于深入推进当代"一带一路"沿线国家的体育文化交流和建设体育强国具有较强的历史借鉴价值。

Taking the establishment of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty across Europe and Asia as an opportunity,the land and sea silk roads in the 13 th and 14 th centuries were fully expanded,and the exchanges of sports culture between the East and the West and various ethnic groups were unprecedented. Using the literature method and logical analysis,the paper probes into the main contents,modes of communication,historical influences and contemporary enlightenment of sports culture exchanges between the East and the West along the Silk Roads in the 13 th and 14 th Centuries. It is concluded that the exchanges of sports culture between the East and the West in the 13 th and 14 th Centuries,along the Silk Roads,included horse riding,archery,wrestling,long-distance running,and the concept of physical fitness,etc. The modes of communication included competitive competition,banquet ceremony,diplomatic gifts, etc. The motives for exchanges included military training, personnel mobility, entertainment,diplomatic exchanges,etc. The effect of exchanges is reflected in enriching and strengthening the diversified and integrated pattern of Chinese sports. This study is of great historical value for further promoting sports culture exchanges and building a leading sports nation among the countries along the"Belt and Road".