高水平蹦床运动员选材的基本方法与特征研究

Methods and Features of High Level Trampoline Talents Identification and Selection

"跨项"是我国蹦床项目发展过程中较为突出的一个现象,以此为基本点,以世界优秀运动员为研究对象,采用高端访谈法等分析蹦床运动员选材的基本方法和特点。调研与分析表明:蹦床与体操、技巧、跳水有较大的技术相似性和相近的训练元素、竞技能力、技能标准、训练方法和个性心理特点;竞技能力都以技术为核心,以难美为灵魂,同为多元的动作结构,均以主客观为依据的评价方法。"跨项"流动加快了我国蹦床运动发展,优化了人才资源配置,减少了淘汰率,丰富和发展了蹦床训练理论。

Based on"Cross-items",a phenomenon in the development of trampoline in China,this paper analyzes the methods and features of trampoline talents identification and selection by interviewing top level athletes around the world.Research shows that trampoline,gymnastics,sports acrobatics and diving share similar characteristics in training elements,competitive abilities,skill standards,training methods and psychological features.Furthermore,all above disciplines take skills as essential element and appreciate the"beauty of difficulty".They share multiple movement structures as well as subjective and objective evaluation methods."Cross-items"talent flow enables fast development of trampoline in China,optimization of human resource allocation and reduction in elimination rate,as well as enrichment and development of training theories.