重庆丰都名山天子殿建筑遗存调查与空间设计分析

Architectural Remains’ Investigation and Spatial Design Analysis of Tianzi Hall in Fengdu

天子殿始建年代已不可考,民间传说在东汉末年,有确切记载是唐太和七年(833)。天子殿既不具有北方建筑的厚重感,也不具备南方建筑的轻盈感,更没有江南建筑的精巧细致,凸显的是地域特征、宗教特征。无论单体建筑还是建筑群体,也无论平面布置还是空间设计,都依山就势,紧凑而不紊乱,庞杂而有秩序,突出了建筑物的主次等级。采用移柱法和减柱法、灵活使用建筑尺度比例等手段,合理控制建筑物各点的平面视角和垂直视角,在满足人们视觉感观和心理需求的同时,充分展现强烈的道教、佛教、鬼教"三教合一"的神秘性,在中国建筑史上有着唯一性。

Tianzi Hall is a famous mountain in Fengdu, Chongqing. It is now impossible to do the textual research to confirm the date of its establishment. It is said to be built at the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. It was first recorded in the seventh year of Taihe in the Tang dynasty(833). Tianzi Hall has neither the heaviness of northern architecture, nor the lightness of southern architecture, nor the delicacy of Jiangnan architecture. Its outstanding embodiment is the region and the religious characteristics. Whether it is single building or group building, plane layout or special design, it always protrudes the rich and full levels of the architecture, going with the trend of the mountain while complex but ordered. It balanced the horizontal view and vertical view through methods of swaying frames, reducing frames and flexible scale ratio. It gives people delicate treatment of visual scene as well as psychological request, which shows the mystery of the trinity of Taoism, Buddhism and ghost, showing its uniqueness in the history of Chinese architecture.