孙绰、许询文学史定位的形成--兼谈南朝文论中的观点承袭

The Formation of Literary Historical Orientation of Sun Chuo and Xu Xun:On the Inheritance of Views in the Literary Theory of the Southern Dynasties

南朝文论家、史学家转相祖述檀道鸾《续晋阳秋》,将孙绰和许询视为东晋玄言诗的代表,并给以较低的评价。自此几成定评。实际上,他们对檀氏原文存在不同程度的误读:首先,孙、许的创作实绩不在诗歌,论者却将二人"文宗"身份缩小为玄言诗人,这一诗歌史的定位导致二人文学史定位偏低;其次,忽略佛教对东晋文学的影响。由此反映出南朝文论更多关注诗歌等传统主流文体,缺乏对其他文体的关注。

The literary critics of the Southern dynasty recounted the views of Tan Daoluan’s Xujinyangqiu, and regarded Sun Chuo and Xu Xun as the representatives of the metaphysical poems of the Eastern Jin dynasty but with lower evaluation. Since then, the evaluation has almost been settled. As a matter of fact, the critics misread the original text to varying degrees. First, Sun and Xu did not specialize in poetry writing, while literary critics narrowed their status as "literati" to "metaphysical poets", which directly result in an inappropriate low status of Sun and Xu. Second, the literary critics ignored the profound influence of Buddhism on the literature of the Eastern Jin dynasty, which reflected that the Southern dynasties’ literary theory paid more attention to traditional mainstream style,such as poetry and so on, and lacked of attention and evaluation of other styles of the Eastern Jin dynasty.