浅析秸秆还田的方式及作用

Ways and Effects of Straw Returning

秸秆还田能改善土壤结构,提高土壤生物活动,增加土壤有机质含量,是培肥地力的有效途径。秸秆还田的主要方式有覆盖还田、旋耕还田、深耕还田、沟埋还田和添加腐熟剂还田等直接还田方式,以及过腹还田、发酵还田、碳化还田等间接还田方式。本文分析秸秆还田存在的生物性和现实性困境,以及秸秆还田对环境、土壤、营养元素、农作物等作用,提出加大秸秆还田的宣传力度,完善相关规章制度,制定秸秆还田的奖励措施及焚烧秸秆的惩治措施,加强科普教育,让更多的农户了解秸秆还田的优势与好处。

Straw returning can improve soil structure, improve soil biological activity and increase soil organic matter content, which is an effective way to improve soil fertility. The main ways of straw returning to the field are mulching returning, rotary returning, deep returning, ditch burying returning and adding humic agent returning to the field, as well as indirect returning, such as over belly returning, fermentation returning and carbonization returning. This paper analyzes the biological and practical difficulties of straw returning to the field, as well as the impact of straw returning to the field on the environment, soil, nutrient elements,crops, etc., and puts forward adding The publicity of returning straw to the field should be strengthened, relevant rules and regulations should be improved, incentive measures for returning straw to the field and punishment measures for burning straw should be formulated, science popularization education should be strengthened, so that more farmers can understand the advantages and benefits of returning straw to the field.