从情境到语境:特朗普政府《贸易政策议程》的批评认知分析

From Situation to Context:A Critical Cognitive Analysis of Trump Administration's Trade Policy Agenda

话语通过构建共享的社会认知,影响社会结构;社会结构又通过共享社会认知影响话语的生成和理解。本研究融合语境模型和指称空间理论,对特朗普政府已发布的三份《贸易政策议程》进行批评认知分析。研究发现:议程通过在心理空间将在线情境模型累积转变为离线语境模型,将中国逐步构建并固化为“长期从事不公平贸易”的形象;中美贸易对立关系在三份《议程》的语境模型中由间接冲突转变为直接冲突;通过在语境模型中分别将WTO和特朗普政府的贸易政策边缘化和中心化,三份《议程》试图构建出低效的WTO形象和高效的特朗普政府形象。

Discourse influences social structure by constructing shared social cognition while social structure exerts impact on discursive production and understanding through shared social cognition.Combining Context Model and Deictic Space Theory,the present study conducts a critical cognitive analysis of three Trade Policy Agendas issued by Trump administration.Analytical results suggest:(1)The Agenda gradually twists China's image into an unfair trade operator by accumulating online situation models into offline context models in mental space;(2)Sino-U.S.trade relations in the context model undergoes from indirect confrontation to direct conflict;(3)By marginalizing WTO and centralizing Trump administration's policies in the context model,the three Trade Policy Agendas are intentionally designed to cast the images of inefficient WTO and efficient Trump administration.