施氮量对辣椒生长及光合生理的影响

Effects of nitrogen application rate on growth and photosynthetic physiology of pepper

【目的】探讨施氮量对设施种植辣辣椒生长发育的影响.【方法】以尿素为氮源,设置每盆15、20、25、35、45 g不同梯度研究施氮量对辣椒生长及不同生育期光合生理的影响.【结果】增加尿素施用量有利于辣椒株高和茎粗的增加,每盆施入尿素35 g和45 g辣椒株高和茎粗无差异,分别为97.3 cm、12.9 mm和97.4 cm、13.1 mm.在高氮(每盆分别施入25 g、35 g和45 g尿素)水平下叶绿素a含量在定植后125 d前基本一致,施入尿素45 g/盆,叶绿素b含量在整个生育期均最高.每盆施用小于尿素25 g时,Pn、Tr和Gs随施氮量增加而增加,每盆施入尿素25 g时Pn、Tr和Gs均最高.荧光参数Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ和qP在施入尿素25 g时显著高于其他处理,提高辣椒叶片的光能利用率.【结论】每盆施用尿素25 g能够最大限度的提高辣椒叶片的光合同化和光能利用能力,从而对辣椒生长发育及品质形成产生积极作用.

【Objective】Study on effects of nitrogen application on the growth and development of pepper plcuited in facility.【Method】Using urea as nitrogen source,15,20,25,35,45 g perpot were applied to study the effects of nitrogen application on pepper growth and photosynthetic physiology at different growth stages.【Result】The increase of urea application was beneficial to the increase of plant height and stem diameter.There was no difference between the plant height and the stem diameter of 35 g and 45 g in each basin,which were 97.3 cm and 12.9 mm,97.4 cm and 13.1 mm,respectively.At the level of high nitrogen(25 g,35 g and 45 g per basin),the content of chlorophyll a was basically the same before 125 d,and the urea 45 g per basin was applied,and the content of chlorophyll b was the highest in the whole growth period.When each pot applied less than urea 25 g,Pn,Tr and Gs increased with the increase of nitrogen application.Pn,Tr and Gs were the highest when applied to urea 25 g/basin.The fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm,PSⅡI and qP were significantly higher than those of other treatments when applied to urea 25 g per basin,and increased the light utilization efficiency of pepper leaves.【Conclusion】The application of urea to 25 g per basin can improve the light contract and light energy utilization of the pepper leaves to the maximum extent,which will have a positive effect on the growth and quality of pepper.