北京市环境空气放射性水平的测量与分析

Measurement and analysis of ambient radioactivity levels in Beijing

目的探讨环境空气放射性水平及与空气质量的关系。方法选取2017年9月—12月期间,以SNOW WHITE大流量采样器进行空气样品收集,连续24 h采样,以TBM-3S测量仪对收集的样品滤膜表面进行表面放射性测量,将测得结果分别与空气质量等级、大气中PM2.5、PM10颗粒物浓度进行统计学比较分析。结果37个大气气溶胶滤膜样品的表面放射性水平为(1.051~2.831)Bq/cm2,平均值为1.802 Bq/cm2;不同空气质量等级间比较大气中放射性水平无显著性差异(P≥0.05),不同颗粒物浓度间比较大气中放射性水平无显著性差异(P≥0.05)。结论监测期间,空气质量及大气中颗粒物含量的变化,未引起大气中放射性水平的变化,空气质量与大气放射性水平不相关。

Objective To explore the ambient radioactivity level and its relationship with air quality.Methods The air samples were collected with the SNOW WHITE large flow sampler for continuous 24 hours per day from September to December 2017.The radioactivity levels on the filter surfaces were monitored by the TBM-3S.Their results were compared with the air quality grade and the concentration of PM2.5,PM10 particles in the atmosphere.Results The radioactivity levels of 37 collected aerosol samples ranged from 1.051 Bq/cm2 to 2.831 Bq/cm2,with an average of 1.802 Bq/cm2.There was no significant difference between the radioactivity level and air quality grade(P≥0.05),and no significant difference between the radioactivity level and the particulate matter concentration(P≥0.05).Conclusion During the monitoring period,the change of air quality and particulate matter content did not cause the change of radioactivity level in the atmosphere,and the air quality was not related to the atmospheric radioactivity level.