“希腊假面原则”:论布罗茨基诗学的两重肌理

“Greek Mask Principle”:On the Double Texture of Brodsky's Poetics

布罗茨基的现有研究成果注重分析诗人作为俄裔美国籍作家的文明文化差异,及其在俄语诗歌和英语散文中分别体现出的艺术特色、主题思想等,而忽略了布罗茨基美国时期的诗学价值。布罗茨基诗学印证了思想史上的17世纪欧陆诗学与20世纪斯拉夫诗学在俄国流散文学中的有机融合,其本质是穿戴着阿克梅主义披风的巴洛克诗学,属于一种"希腊假面原则"美学范畴。布罗茨基通过诗歌学与文学学方法批判性地发展了阿克梅诗学关于"智性凝练对应物"、"比喻体系纵深"与创作心理、艺术品格之间的关系;同时他的巴洛克本质主义体现在对里尔克、多恩、弗罗斯特、哈代等大师的研究结论,他发现了"左右交替起首书写法"与诗歌起源、诗学本体的关系,以及现代主义写作法与巴洛克之间的隐秘关联。

The studies on Brodsky focus on analyzing the cultural ditlerences between the poet as a Russian-American writer and the artistic characteristics and thematic ideas reflected in Russian poetry and English prose,but ignore Brodsky's poetry of the American Period.Brodsky's poetics confirms the organic integration of 17th-century European poetics and 20th-century Slavic poetics in Russian diaspora in the intellectual history.Its essence is the Baroque poetic texture under Akmeistic cloak.It falls in the aesthetic category of"Greek Mask Principle"Brodsky critically developed the relationship between Akmeism poetics about"intelligent condensing counterparts","deep metaphorical system"and writting psychology and artistic style;at the same time,his Baroque essentialism is reflected in the research conclusions of Rilke,Donne,Frost,Hardy and other masters.Brodsky discovered the relationship between the"alternative left and right beginning writing method"and the origin of poetry and the poetic ontology,and the secret connection between modernist writing method and Baroque.