江州义门陈氏宗族裂变考辨

The Division of Chen Clan in Yimen,Jiangzhou

江州义门陈氏宗族由唐至宋累世同居三百余年,"孝义"理念在其发展历程中发挥了重要的作用。该宗族将孝义理念注入家法族规,树立家长权威,实现了宗族内部各种关系的调和。不过当血缘关系疏远,族人对大家庭血缘本位让位于房支的群体本位时,孝义理念对宗族的凝聚作用渐趋弱化,裂变趋势日益加剧。在"岁歉乏食"的经济困境中,宗族在官方的干预下分崩离析。其瓦解表面上由内部压力(经济困顿)和外部压力(政府干预分庄)造成,实质上则是房分结构对大家庭的解构。宗族裂变解体后,为凝聚族人,强化族人的认同感和归属感,后世族谱以"孝义"理念为抓手建构出"奉诏分庄"的历史叙事,并成为义门陈氏共同的"祖源记忆"。

The Chen clan remained undivided for three centuries extending from Tang down to Song.Xiaoyi—filiality and righteousness—played a pivotal role in the clan’s unity and cohesion.As the ties of kin loosened gradually,xiaoyi was increasingly weakened.The economic difficulty and the local authorities’intervention finally had the clan broken.But in fact,the division within the clan led to the breakdown.Chen’s descendants reconstructed the family history in the light of xiaoyi and created a common memory.