妊娠期糖尿病患者孕期营养状态、血清维生素A及视黄醇结合蛋白4水平分析

Analysis on nutritional status,levels of vitamin A and RBP4 in women with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者孕期营养状态、血清维生素A及视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)水平的变化。方法:选取2017年6月至2018年12月在我院营养门诊就诊并最终分娩的汉族孕妇275例,根据葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果分为GDM组70例与正常对照组205例,比较两组孕妇一般情况、营养状态、孕中期血清维生素A及RBP4水平。结果:GDM组孕妇的年龄、孕前及分娩前体重、体脂率显著高于正常对照组,孕期体重增加低于正常对照组(P<0.05);饮食结构与营养元素摄入与正常对照组差异无统计学意义,但营养元素摄入评分更高(P<0.05);中孕期血清维生素A水平低于正常对照组,血清RBP4水平高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:GDM孕妇会自觉调整饮食习惯以利健康;GDM患者孕期存在维生素A缺乏,其血清RBP4水平上升。

Objective:To investigate the nutritional status,serum levels of vitamin A and retinol binding protein 4(RBP4)in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)during pregnancy.Methods:Two hundred and seventy cases of Han pregnant women treated at outpatient nutritional department and finally giving birth from June,2017 to December,2018 in our hospital were enrolled in this study.They were divided into GDM group(n=70)and control group(n=205)in accordance with the results of oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).General health,nutritional status and the serum levels of vitamin A and RBP4 of the two groups were compared.Results:Compared with the control group,pregnant women in GDM group were older,and their body weight and body fat rate were higher during pre-pregnancy and before delivery,while the body weight gain during pregnancy was less(P<0.05).Diet and nutrient intake did not statistically differ between GDM and control groups,but nutrient composition was more balanced in GDM group than that in control group based on the nutrient intake score(P<0.05).Lower vitamin A and higher RBP4 levels in serum were found in GDM group during the 2nd trimester(P<0.05).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that women with GDM can modify their dietary habits towards healthier food choices.GDM is associated with low vitamin A and high RBP4 status during pregnancy.