《申报》视域下的国民政府救济水灾委员会堤工工程

A Study on the Dike Work Conducted by the Flood Relief Committee of Nanjing National Government Based on Reports in Shen Bao

1931年的江淮水灾是当时中国的一场重大水患。以国民政府为主导,社会各界力量合作修建的国民政府救济水灾委员会堤工工程,不仅对水灾的即时救济起到重要作用,还以其富有见地的建设方针和方式对灾后农民生活、农业经济改善及国人信心提升产生了一定效用。政要和各界名流对此项工程进行了短期勘查,《申报》随即进行跟踪报道。从多篇《国民政府救济水灾委员会堤工落成察勘纪》的落笔手法中可见,《申报》虽在政治立场上整体偏向国民政府,但也起到作为当时最主流媒体特有的公共监督和宣传作用,为重构此段史实和评价此项工程提供了独特视角。

Jianghuai Flood in 1931 is a serious flood disaster in the Republic of China.The dike work,which is led by Nanjing National Government,built by the collaboration of all sectors of society,and conducted by the flood relief committee of the National Government,not only contributes to the immediate relief but also has a positive effect on the improvement of the life of peasants,the agricultural economy and the confidence of the people.Politicians and celebrities from all walks of life carry out a short-term investigation and Shen Bao keeps reporting on it.The writing method of the various reports shows that the newspaper performs the function of public supervision and publicity,though its general political position is in favor of the National Government,which provides a unique perspective for the reconstruction of the part of history and the evaluation of the work.