云南棕榈植物资源及其多样性

Floral Resources and Diversity of Palm in Yunnan

基于大量的野外调查、标本研究和文献分析基础上,研究了云南棕榈植物的资源、分布和利用及其多样性。结果表明:云南具有丰富的棕榈植物资源,计有棕榈植物22属70种及变种,是中国最为重要的分布区;云南棕榈植物囊括4种生活型,但以乔木和灌木型为主,攀援性种类也占据不少的地位,丛生种类远多于单生种类;云南棕榈植物分布显现明显的水平和垂直地带性分布规律,水平地域型分布明显,以热带地域分布为中心,形成西双版纳分布中心;海拔500~1500 m区域分布种类较多。云南棕榈植物包括7个分布区类型,而以热带亚洲分布类型的种类为主,种类层次上也有一定数量的旧世界分布类型。云南棕榈植物具有用途的多样性,如绿化观赏、食用价值、医药养护、编织工艺、文化利用等,构成了云南棕榈植物丰富多彩的利用格局。

Based on a lot of field investigation,specimens studies,and literature analysis,the palm resources,distribution,utilization and diversity in Yunnan was studied.The research results showed that there are 22 genera and 70 species and varieties of palm distributed in Yunnan,it is means that Yunnan is very important area of palm distribution.There are all of 4 types on life forms in Yunnan,and the trees and shrubs types occupied the mainly component,but it was some climbing species in this province,meanwhile,clustered species far more than the solitary species.Palms plants with obvious horizontal and verticality distribution rules in Yunnan,which showed that have significantly horizontal distribution.In verticality distribution,where formed Xishuangbanna distribution centre;for verticality distribution,there are rich palms resources in 500-1500 m elevation areas.There are 7 areal-types of palms in Yunnan,the dominant areal type of palm species in China is the type of tropical Asia distribution,meanwhile has a lots of species in old world tropics type.There is utilization diversity of palms plants in Yunnan,such as ornamental landscape,edibility value,medical maintenance,weaving technology,religion,culture,and other uses of palm,which constituted a pattern with rich and colorful palm plants in Yunnan.