切点跟踪磨削技术综述

A review of tangential point tracing grinding technology

切点跟踪磨削技术是一种通过控制工件的旋转轴和砂轮的进给轴联动,使砂轮与被加工表面始终保持相切的磨削技术。从各种切点跟踪磨削的运动模型出发,阐述了变速曲轴回转的控制方法、加工误差产生的原因和补偿方法的研究现状,以及机床设计,电气系统与控制软件开发,编程插补,工艺参数智能决策和自动定位等相关技术的研究现状。并指出恒当量磨削和恒线速度磨削,在砂轮转速远大于曲轴转速的情况下,两者等效。指出砂轮半径变化引起的加工误差,是在已经进行半径补偿的条件下得到的。

Tangential point tracing grinding technology is a grinding technology,which keep the grinding wheel and machining surface tangency throughout grinding process. It is achieved by simultaneous moving the axis of workpiece spinning and that of grinding wheel feeding. This review starts with a summary of various motion models of tangential point tracing grinding technologies. Current research status of varying speed crank shaft spinning controlling methods,and origination and compensation of grinding error are summarized. And research status of machine tool design,development of electrical system and control system,programming interpolation,artificial intelligence deciding processing parameters and automatic positioning are also discussed. It is pointed out that the constant equivalent grinding thickness method equals the constant speed grinding method,in condition that the spinning speed of grinding wheel is far larger than that of crank shaft. And the so called error caused by radius variation of grinding wheel is a residue error of primitive radius compensation.