六朝至隋唐间东汉图谶流传与散佚的目录学考察

A Bibliographic Investigation on the Spread and Loss of the Eastern Han Graphic Prophecy Documents During the Period from the Six Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties

东汉图谶中的《河图》《洛书》在南北朝时期散佚严重,唐初仅存《河图》二十卷,至开元间则不见著录,当已亡佚。但七经纬和《论语谶》仍较为完整地保存着,其散佚当在唐代中期以后,至宋初仅存《易纬》。对于七经纬及《论语谶》的卷数、注者,唐初与开元间的著录往往有异,可能是开元间马怀素、褚无量等整比内库旧书的结果。《历代名画记·述古之秘画珍图》记录的图画,多非张彦远目验,而是从其他文献抄出,其中多有《隋志》著录的“梁有”而唐初不存之书。因此,不能以《历代名画记》的著录来说明唐代中后期东汉图谶的流传情况。

Among the Eastern Han graphic prophecy documents,the He Tu and Luo Shu were seriously lost in the Southern and Northern dynasties.In the early Tang Dynasty,there were only 20 volumes of the He Tu left.However,The Seven Auxiliary Books of the Classics and The Prophecy in Analects of Confucius are still relatively intact.They were lost in the middle of the Tang Dynasty,and only The Auxiliary of I Ching existed in the early Song Dynasty.For the number of volumes and notes of the The Seven Auxiliary Books of the Classics and The Prophecy in Analects of Confucius,the records are different from early Tang to the later Kaiyuan years,due to the rearrangement and re-checking done by Ma Huaisu and Chu Wuliang in the Kaiyuan years.Most of the pictures recorded in The Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties were not seen by Zhang Yanyuan in person,but copied from other documents,most of which were recorded as“exist in Liang Dynasty”in Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi but were no more extant in the early Tang Dynasty.Therefore,The Records of Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties cannot be trust in discussing the spreading of these documents after the early Tang Dynasty.