让计算思维为智能时代的教育赋能--ISTE《计算思维能力标准(教育者)》解读及启示

Computational Thinking Empower the Education in Intelligent Age:The Interpretation and Enlightenment of ISTE Standards for Educators:Computational Thinking Competencies

国际教育技术学会(ISTE)于2018年发布了《计算思维能力标准(教育者)》,这是国际范围内首个以计算思维命名的标准文本,对指引智能时代的计算思维教学具有里程碑意义。《计算思维能力标准(教育者)》旨在为智能时代的教学变革提供路线图,分别从智能时代计算思维教育者的五种身份——计算思维学习者、教育公平的领导者、围绕计算的协作者、创新者与设计者、计算思维与课堂教学融合的促进者入手,围绕计算思维、公平的领导者、围绕计算的协作、创新与设计及融合计算思维,界定了教育者应具备的计算思维能力。该《标准》的启示在于:就教师专业发展而言,要明确计算思维教育者的多重身份,履行相应职能;构建教育者计算思维能力发展框架——CTPACK,在学科教学中有效落实计算思维;以计算思维为牵引,带动数据素养与人工智能素养的共同提升。就学科建设而言,在信息技术学科中有效落实计算思维,促进计算思维与学科教学的深度融合,加深跨学科活动设计,从而推进学科间的协同发展。

International Society for Technology in Education(ISTE)released Standards for Educators:Computational Thinking Competencies in 2018.It is the first standard named computational thinking in the international scope.It is a landmark to guide computational thinking teaching in intelligent age.ISTE Standards for Educators:Computational Thinking Competencies aims to provide a roadmap for the teaching reform in intelligent age.The five identities of computational thinking educators in the intelligent age include learners,equity leaders,collaborators,designer,and facilitators.Educators should have computational thinking competencies around the five identities including computational thinking,equity leader,collaborating around computing,creativity and design,and integrating computational thinking.There are some enlightenments from this standard:In terms of professional development of teachers,the multiple identities of computational thinking educators must be clarified,and the corresponding functions must be fulfilled;A framework for the development of educators’computational thinking competencies-CTPACK should be constructed and used to effectively implement in subject teaching;Taking computational thinking as a traction,and driving the development of data literacy and artificial intelligence literacy.As far as discipline construction is concerned,computational thinking need to be effectively implemented in information technology subject,computational thinking and subject teaching need deep integration,and disciplines need to get synergy development through the design of interdisciplinary activities.