椎管内阻滞下丙泊酚镇静导致不良反应的因素

Factors of Adverse Reactions Induced by Propofol Sedation during Intraspinal Block

丙泊酚是一种起效快、作用时间短、恢复迅速的镇静药,因镇静和一定的镇痛作用已经成为全身麻醉诱导术中维持椎管内阻滞期间清醒镇静的首选药物,目前已经在世界范围内得到广泛的应用。但是在丙泊酚镇静期间,各种原因导致的丙泊酚不良反应时有发生。丙泊酚导致的不良反应主要有血流动力学反应(如血压、心率下降)、呼吸抑制、镇静过深、过敏反应、注射痛、丙泊酚输注综合征以及术后认知功能改变等。丙泊酚镇静不良反应的发生与程度取决于患者的性别、年龄、疾病状态以及美国麻醉医师协会分级等因素。

Propofol is a kind of sedative with quick effect,short action time and rapid recovery. Because of sedation and certain analgesic effect,it has become the first choice drug of conscious sedation during intraspinal block in general anesthesia induction,and has been widely used in the world. However,during the sedation of propofol,adverse reactions of propofol caused by various reasons occur from time to time,which mainly include hemodynamic reaction( such as blood pressure,heart rate reduction),respiratory depression,too deep sedation,hypersensitivity,injection pain,propofol infusion syndrome and postoperative cognitive function changes. The occurrence and degree of sedative adverse reactions of propofol depend on the patient’s gender,age,disease status and the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification.