黑龙江省及内蒙古自治区东部马铃薯化肥施用现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Fertilization Status of Potato(Solanum tuberosum) in Heilongjiang Province and Eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

为了了解黑龙江省及内蒙古自治区东部马铃薯生产中的施肥现状及存在的问题,为马铃薯化肥减施提供参考依据和目标,对黑龙江省和内蒙古自治区东部主产区的25个市,71个县的536户的马铃薯种植户调查数据进行了分析。结果表明,该区域平均养分用量为N 160 kg/hm2,P2O5151 kg/hm2,K2O 227 kg/hm2,磷钾偏施的现象较为普遍,导致养分施用比例不合理。因此为了提高肥料利用率,应适当降低磷钾用量,合理调整养分比例。

The survey data collected from 536 potato growers in 25 cities and 71 counties of Heilongjiang Province and eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were analyzed in order to understand the current situation and problems of fertilization in potato production, and to provide reference basis and target for reducing fertilizer application rate in potato production in this region. The average fertilizer application rates in this region were N 160 kg/ha, P2O5151 kg/ha and K2O 227 kg/ha. The main problem in this region is that too much P and K were applied than necessary which lead to the unreasonable ratio of nutrients for potato. Therefore, in order to improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency, the application rate of phosphorus and potassium should be reduced appropriately and the ratio of nutrients should be adjusted reasonably.