程序性行政行为可诉的认可与完善

Recognition and Improvement of Actionable Procedural Administrative Actions

随着行政活动的发展和变化,程序性行政行为逐渐受到学界和实务界的重视,虽然在最新的司法解释中针对其是否可诉的问题进行了排除,但有违背法律保留原则的嫌疑;之前最高人民法院也针对该问题进行了相关的立法和实践方面的探索,并对应地提出一定的标准条件,但不够严谨与明确。应从《行政诉讼法》出发,认可程序性行政行为隶属于行政诉讼的受案范围,并通过司法解释对于其可诉的相关标准条件进行解释,即只要满足"事实上对相对人的权利义务有实际影响"和"具有终局性,当事人无其他救济途径"这两项标准之一,程序性行政行为便可诉,从而更全面地保护公民的合法权益,完善我国的行政救济制度。

With the development and change of administrative activities,procedural administrative behaviors have gradually been valued by the academic and practical circles.Although the issue of whether they can be sued has been ruled out in the latest judicial interpretations,they are suspected of violating the principle of legal retention.Previously,the Supreme People’s Court also conducted relevant legislative and practical explorations on this issue,and proposed certain standard conditions accordingly,but it was not rigorous and clear enough.Procedural administrative acts should be recognized as belonging to the scope of administrative litigation from the "Administrative Procedural Law",and the relevant standard conditions for action can be explained through judicial interpretation.One of the two criteria of "actual impact" and "there is no final remedy for the parties",procedural administrative actions can be sued,thereby protecting the citizens’ legitimate rights and interests more comprehensively and improving China’s administrative relief system.