本体论视角下学校武术教育中技与道的双重构建

Double Construction of“Technique”and“Tao”in School Martial Arts Education under Perspective of Ontology

依据亚里士多德提出的本体论对武术的本体进行剖析,以此为基点深入探究我国学校武术教育发展的出路问题,发现制约学校武术教育发展的因素主要有以下4种:现代化语境对武术基本元素的祛魅;武术本体的物质所在-技的量化;武术本体的精神存在-道的搁浅;西方体育思想的渗透使武术的教育目标遭到误读。为了破解我国学校武术教育现状的制约因素并寻求发展之路,提出了武术本体实践的具体化途径:从实践与沟通的基点,实现武术技击与武术文化的复魅;倡导以道驭术、体用兼备方法,破除知、行分离现像;提倡由技入道思想,复归人性修为;升华学校武术教育目标,开发武术教育价值。

According to the ontology proposed by Aristotle,the author analyzes the nature of martial arts,and takes this as the starting point to deeply explore the way out for the development of martial arts education.It is found that there are four main factors that re-strict the development of martial arts education in schools:the"disenchantment"of the basic elements of martial arts in the modern context,the material of martial arts ontology-"technique"was quantified,and the spiritual existence of martial arts ontology-"Tao"was stranded,the penetration of western sports thought has led to the misreading of the value goals of martial arts.In order to solve the constraints of the current situation of martial arts education and seek the way of transformation and development,this paper puts forward the concrete way of practice of martial arts ontology:Restore the charm of martial arts technique and martial arts culture from the basis of practice and communication;Promote a combination of Taoism and physical methods to eliminate the phenomenon of separation of knowledge and action;Promote the idea of entering the Tao through technology,and return to the cultivation of human nature;Sublimation school martial arts education goal,develop martial arts education value.