唐代严子陵钓台的文学书写

The Literary Writing about the Yan Ziling Fishing Platform in the Tang Dynasty

东汉隐士严子陵是唐人颇为心仪的题咏对象。唐代钓台书写反映着时人的隐逸观念并呈现出鲜明的时段特色。关于隐逸的探讨既集中于其本身,流露出对自然的向往,更与入仕相关联,成为入仕的手段和归宿,即终南捷径与功成身退。此外,隐逸被赋予个人行为之外的社会意义,具有潜移默化的道德功用。不同时段的钓台作品是当时社会文化的反映,以李白为代表的盛唐士人洋溢着自信进取的风神,以白居易为代表的中唐士人转向名利兼得的中隐,以皮、陆为代表的晚唐士人在将隐逸付诸实践的同时表现出王朝将尽之悲。终唐一代,对钓台作品的关注点随着王朝的兴衰和士人命运的起伏而进行着转换。

Yan Ziling,a hermit in the Eastern Han Dynasty,is attractive to poets in the Tang Dynasty.Works about the fishing platform in the Tang Dynasty reflect the writers'ideas of seclusion and present characteristics of the times.The discussion of seclusion is not only focused on itself,revealing the yearning for nature,but also related to being an official,as a method called the shortcut to Zhongnan and as a result representing retiring after winning merit.The thinking about Yan Ziling is not superficial.Seclusion is given a social significance beyond individual behavior,which has a moral function.The works about the platform in different periods reflect the social culture at that time.Writers in the prosperous Tang Dynasty represented by Li Bai were self-confident and aggressive.Writers in the middle Tang Dynasty represented by Bai Juyi turned to the half-seclusion combining fame and fortune.Writers in the late Tang Dynasty represented by Pi Rixiu and Lu Guimeng put the seclusion into practice with sadness about the approaching collapse of the dynasty.In the Tang Dynasty,the focus of works about the platform changed with the rise and fall of the Dynasty as well as the ups and downs of writers.