生态智慧与生态文明建设

Ecological Wisdom and the Construction of Eco-civilization

生态智慧是人在极度困难的情境中做对人和生态系统都正当和/或好的事情的能力,或者说是在极度困难的情境中成功从事生态实践的能力。这里“正当”和“好”是由生态伦理界定的。智慧不同于知识。知识是可以与人相分离的,智慧不可与具体人的生命和实践相分离。有知识者未必有智慧,但没有知识者不可能有智慧。知识是指引人们追求智慧的指南,不同的知识指引人们追求不同的智慧。现代科学和哲学知识指引人们追求“征服自然”且快速创造物质财富的智慧。蕴含生态学的非线性科学和生态哲学将指引人们追求生态智慧。由具有生态智慧的人们引领社会,才能卓有成效地建设生态文明,才能谋求真正可持续的发展。

Ecological wisdom is human ability to do good or right things for both human kind and eco-systems in very difficult situations,or human ability to carry out ecological practice successfully in very difficult situations.Here‘good’and‘right’are defined in the framework of ecological ethics,not in that of traditional ethics.Wisdom is different from knowledge.Knowledge can be separated from persons,while wisdom cannot be separated from persons and their practice.A person having rich knowledge does not necessarily have wisdom,but a person having no knowledge cannot have wisdom.Knowledge is the guidance for people to pursue wisdom.The different knowledge guides people to pursue different wisdom.Modern science and philosophy guides people to pursue the wisdom to conquer nature and make material wealth efficiently.Nonlinear science including ecology and ecological philosophy will guide people to pursue ecological wisdom.With the leadership of persons having ecological wisdom,the construction of ecological civilization can certainly be successful.