中国新能源汽车产业的政策协同研究——评估与演化

Policy Coordination of New Energy Vehicles in China--Evaluation and Evolution

对中国2007—2017年上半年139条国家层面的新能源汽车产业政策进行收集和梳理,从政策力度和政策措施两个维度设计评分标准,构建政策协同度的量化模型,对新能源汽车政策和相关部门的协同及演化进行分析。结果表明:新能源汽车产业的管理已形成以国务院为最高决策层、各部委依职能共同参与的多元化模式,逐渐由依靠单一措施向综合利用多种措施演变,由“政策”驱动转向“政策+市场”驱动。同时,新能源汽车产业政策存在着政策措施协同程度不均衡,协同部门过于集中,部门协同形式有待改善等问题。根据研究结果,提出以下政策建议:(1)合理匹配政策措施力度和政策措施内容,激发系统合力;(2)加大金融、技术和法规管制措施与其他措施的协同,补齐政策短板。

This paper collects,combs and screens a total of 139 policies issued from 2007 to June 30th,2017 at the national level on new energy vehicles.The scoring criteria were designed from the two dimensions of policy strength and policy measures.A quantitative model was established on the coordination degree of policies and the coordination and evolution of new energy vehicle policy and related departments were analyzed.The results show that the management of the new energy vehicle industry has formed a diversified mode with the State Council as the top decision-maker and the ministries and commissions participating according to their functions,and has gradually evolved from relying on a single measure to the comprehensive utilization of various measures.The development of the new energy vehicle industry has also changed from the policy-driven mode to the policy-and market-driven mode.There are also problems to be solved.For example,the coordination degree of policy measures is imbalanced,core departments are too concentrated and forms of departmental coordination need to be improved.Based on the research results,the following policy recommendations are proposed:(1)reasonably match the strength and content of policy measures,and stimulate system synergy;(2)intensify the coordination of financial,technical and regulatory measures with other measures to tackle the shortcomings.