空军飞行学员医学选拔定选神经精神科疾病谱变化及分析

Disease spectrum of neuropsychiatric examination during pilot selection of Air Force

目的探讨二级选拔制度和《空军飞行学员医学选拔综合评定标准》实施后神经精神科疾病谱变化趋势和原因。方法统计2012-2015年、2018年定选阶段神经精神科检测结果和疾病谱,对比不合格率、待结率,分析疾病谱的变化趋势和原因。结果 2018年高考前定选的不合格率、待结率稍高于高考后定选,但差异无统计学意义;2018年神经精神科检测不合格率、待结率均较2012-2015年高(P<0.01);2012-2015年不合格主要原因仍是晕厥史、晕厥前状态、头昏头痛史、昏迷史、家族遗传病史、人工荨麻疹、精神心理异常,但2018年人工荨麻疹所占比例较前明显下降,而精神心理异常升高。结论二级选拔制度在保证质量的前提下提高效率,减轻学员和工作人员的负担;《空军飞行学员医学选拔综合评定标准》实行后,因人工荨麻疹淘汰的学生明显减少,降低了误淘率;此外因精神、心理障碍淘汰的学生较往年明显增加是我们目前面临的新问题。

Objective To analyze the influence of two-stage selection and comprehensive evaluation criteria on pilot selection of Air Force. Methods The results of neuropsychiatric tests in the final stage of pilot selection of 2012-2015 and2018 were collected. The disqualification rate, the rate of unfinalized results and disease spectrum were analyzed and compared.Results The rate of disqualification and rate of unfinalized results before the college entrance test in 2018 were slightly higher than after the test, but the difference was of no statistical significance. Both rates during the neuropsychiatric examination were higher in 2018 than in 2012-2015(P<0.01). The main causes of disqualification were still syncope, presyncope, dizziness and headache, coma, genetic diseases, artificial urticaria, mental and psychological abnormalities. However, the proportion of artificial urticaria significantly decreased in 2018, while that of mental and psychological abnormalities was increased.Conclusion Two-stage selection can improve efficiency and reduce the burden of students and staff while guaranteeing quality. After the implementation of comprehensive evaluation criteria, the number of students eliminated due to artificial urticaria has decreased significantly. In addition, the increase of students with mental disorders deserves attention.