金融结构优化的区域减贫效应研究——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

Research on the Regional Poverty Reduction Effect of Financial Structure Optimization:An Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

【目的】探讨金融结构优化对区域贫困减缓效应及其互动关系,以促进金融结构优化与金融扶贫战略的实施。【方法】基于我国2005—2016年省际面板数据,采用固定效应模型和差分GMM模型对金融结构对贫困减缓的直接与间接效应进行实证分析。【结果】金融结构优化对贫困减缓有着显著的促进作用,但是其减贫效应并非一成不变,而是存在非线性关系,且具有双重门槛特征。由于中小企业是最优产业结构中的主体企业类型,在吸纳劳动力就业方面发挥着重要作用,从中小企业的角度研究金融结构对贫困减缓的间接作用,研究发现金融结构优化促进了中小企业的发展,并对贫困减缓产生间接效应。【结论】适当降低金融服务成本和贷款准入门槛,逐步提高中小银行在区域经济发展中的地位,并为具有发展潜力的中小企业提供融资担保,增强中小企业与中小银行的合作,实现发展共赢,助推区域减贫。

【Objective】To explore the effect of financial structure optimization on regional poverty alleviation and the interaction,so as to promote the implementation of financial structure optimization and financial poverty alleviation strategy.【Method】Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2005 to 2016,the direct and indirect effects of financial structure on poverty alleviation are empirically analyzed by using fixed effect model and differential GMM model.【Result】The optimization of financial structure plays a significant role on poverty alleviation,but its poverty alleviation effect is not unchangable,but has a non-linear relationship,and has double threshold characteristics.Since SMEs are the main types of enterprises in the optimal industrial structure and play an important role in absorbing labor force,we studied the indirect effect of financial structure on poverty alleviation from the perspective of SMEs,and finds that the optimization of financial structure promotes the development of SMEs and has indirect effect on poverty alleviation.【Conclusion】Appropriately reduce the cost of financial services and the threshold of access to loans,gradually improve the status of small and medium-sized banks in regional economic development,and provide financing guarantees for potential SMEs,enhance the cooperation between SMEs and small and medium-sized banks,achieve win-win development,and promote regional poverty reduction.