丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯催化剂的研究进展

Advance in the Catalysts of Direct Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propylene

由于能源结构的转变,丙烯的产量愈发无法满足市场需求,丙烷直接脱氢技术成为生产丙烯的主要手段之一。传统的丙烷脱氢催化剂是CrOx和Pt基催化剂,尽管它们的脱氢活性高,但CrOx基催化剂对环境不友好,而Pt基催化剂的价格昂贵,并且两者都易结焦失活。因此在改进和提升传统催化剂性能的同时,开发高活性、高选择性和高稳定性的新型丙烷脱氢催化剂是近年来的热点。许多廉价金属和非金属催化剂作为新型丙烷脱氢催化剂被广泛开发,包括VOx、Zn、Co、Sn、Ga、ZrO2、Fe以及碳材料等。该文总结了传统丙烷脱氢催化剂特点和研究现状,并综述了新型脱氢催化剂的性质特点。通过对不同催化剂体系的详细讨论,为未来丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯催化剂的设计提供了思路和指导。

Due to the change of world’s energy structure,the propylene output fails to meet the market demand.Thus,the direct dehydrogenation of propane becomes one of the most important ways to produce propylene.The traditional propane dehydrogenation catalysts are based on CrOx-and Pt-based materials.However,CrOx-based catalyst is not environmentally friendly and Pt-based catalyst is of high-price.Moreover,the stability of both catalysts is still not high enough for large scale applications.For these reasons,great efforts have been devoted to improving the catalytic properties over traditional catalysts and exploring more efficient propane dehydrogenation catalysts,which are of high activity,selectivity and stability.Many non-noble metal and nonmetal catalysts have been exploited as novel and effective catalysts for propane dehydrogenation,including Ga,Sn,VOx,ZrO2,Fe,Zn,Co,carbon materials and so on.In this review,the development of traditional and novel catalysts,as well as the further perspective,is discussed in detail.