海外华裔学生教育的核心问题及趋势——基于国际化和本地化的研究

Chinese Heritage Students’Education in the Global-Local Nexus:Core Issues and Emerging Trends

基于北美以及世界各地的关于中国留学生和二代华裔学生(统称海外华裔学生)教育中的语言素养、学业成绩和身份认同等几个核心问题的40余项研究,认为促进海外华裔中小学和大学学生国际化和本土化的双向发展潜在方法有:要提高海外华裔学生的国际本土化,必须突破华裔学生是"模范少数族裔"的刻板印象,以学生为中心,培养学生的多元语言文化能力,提高包括英语作为国际语以外的本土语言和汉语继承语的能力以及跨文化交流的能力。因此,要实现真正意义上的"国际本土化",在注重学业成绩的同时,必须培养海外华裔学生的国际大都会多语文化能力以及多元化身份认同的能力。

Based on over forty studies investigating focal issues of literacy development,academic performance,and identity among Chinese study-abroad students and second-generation Chinese students(together called Chinese heritage students)in North America and from all over the world,this paper proposes potential approaches towards promoting K-12 and college-level Chinese heritage students’bi-directional development of globalization and localization.The collective research evidence indicates that in order to enhance Chinese overseas students’glocalization,we must move beyond"model minority"stereotypes about Chinese heritage learners,and develop student-centered approaches to education that promote multicultural and multilingual competencies including those of local languages and Chinese as a heritage language,beyond conceptions of English as a global language.The findings suggest that to support Chinese heritage learners in becoming truly"glocal",we must move away from the overemphasis on their academic achievements to focus on their development in cosmopolitan multilingualism and affirmation of multiple identities.