饭店劳工移民地方感知影响持续从业意愿的路径研究——以北京两家五星酒店为例

On Path of Sense of Place's Effect on Hotel Migrant Laborers'Retention Inclination:A Case Study of Two five-starred Hotels in Beijing

地方感以其独特的介入视角而成为探究人地关系的重要手段,因此逐渐被引入具有地方迁移性质的移民劳工的研究中来。其中饭店业成为聚集劳工移民重要场所,劳工移民群体这一场所中会与场所间会产生怎样的人地关系感知、及这一感知如何对样本群体的从业决策行为产生影响等。以北京两家五星级酒店为案例,利用测量量表与结构方程模型等方法,得出以下研究结果:地方依赖与文化认同是饭店地方依恋的主要影响维度;地方依恋在整个关系中发挥着媒介作用,是直接影响持续从业意愿的核心维度;继续就业意愿直接影响到推荐亲友;文化认同、社会联系和地方依赖间相互关联进而影响持续从业意愿。最后针对研究结果提出心理层面管理策略,以期通过满足需求、提升依恋等方式,提升员工与酒店间的“依恋”情节。

The sense of place,as a unique perspective,has become an important means to study the man-place relations,so it has been gradually introduced into the study of laborers who have migrated to other places from their birth places.The hotels have become an important industry for Chinese migrant laborers to gather.What perception of the place will be generated among the sampled migrant employees of hotel industry towards the hotels they are working in,and how this perception will affect their job decisions are the questions to be studied.Two five-starred hotels in Beijing are taken as a case,and measurement scale and structural equation model are applied.The study yields findings as follow.There are two affecting dimensions among hotel's migrant staff-place attachment and cultural identity;place attachment plays a mediatory role in the whole relationship,directly deciding the laborers'inclination of continuing or leaving their jobs;the inclination of retention directly leads to their recommendation of their own relatives and friends;the cultural identity,social connections and place attachment further affect their lasting retention inclination.Finally,based on the study results,the psychological management strategy is recommended to improve the migrant laborers'place attachment towards the hotel they are working in by meeting their needs and improving their bonds with the hotel.