国内外卷烟及主流烟气中多种元素现状分析研究

A multi-elemental analysis of cigarettes and the relevant mainstream smoke emissions at home and abroad

为全面了解国内外卷烟及主流烟气中多种元素含量的现状情况,对多种品牌国内外卷烟抽吸燃烧烟丝部分及卷烟主流烟气中的12种元素含量进行分析.结果显示:Pb、As、Cr、Ni、Se、Cd、Al、V、Mn、Cu、Zn、Hg在卷烟烟丝中含量在0.01~700μg/cig之间,含量最高的是Al,含量最低的是Hg,其中Al、V、Cr、Ni、Cu、Se 6种元素含量为国外混合>国内混合>国内烤烟,Cd、Pb、Hg 3种元素含量为国内烤烟>国内混合>国外混合.卷烟主流烟气中12种元素的含量均较低,Hg、Se、Ni、V在主流烟气中大部分低于方法检出限,Pb、As、Cr、Cd、Al、Mn、Cu、Zn在主流烟气中含量在1.5~220 ng/cig之间,其中Zn、Cd、Al、Pb元素含量相对较高,元素从卷烟烟丝迁移至主流烟气的迁移率较低,在0.1%~10%之间,其中Al、V、Mn、Cu、Ni、Hg,Se几乎很少从烟丝迁移至主流烟气,迁移率最高的为Cd,迁移率近10%;Cd、Pb、Zn、As、Se 5种元素在主流烟气中的含量及其迁移率跟捕集到的烟气粒相物多少成明显正相关关系.

For a comprehensive understanding of the existing elements in various cigarettes and the mainstream cigarette smoke emissions at home and abroad,12 kinds of elements in different brands of the cigarettes and their mainstream smoke emissions are analyzed.The results are as follows:The contents of Pb,As,Cr,Ni,Se,Mn,Cu,Cd,Al,V,Zn and Hg in cut tobacco are between 0.01 and 700μg/cig,the highest is Al and the lowest is Hg.The quantity of Al,V,Cr,Ni,Cu and Se is larger in foreign mixed cigarettes than in domestic mixed cigarettes while domestic flue-cured cigarettes rank last.But the quantity of Cd,Pb and Hg goes like this:domestic flue-cured cigarettes>domestic mixed cigarettes>foreign mixed cigarettes.The contents of 12 elements in the mainstream smoke emissions are very low,while the contents of Hg,Se,Ni and V in most of the cigarette smoke emissions are lower than the method detection limit.The contents of Pb,As,Cr,Cd,Al,Mn,Cu and Zn in the mainstream smoke emissions are between 1.5-220 ng/cig,the contents of zinc,Cd,Al and Pb are relatively high.At the same time,the transfer rates of the twelve elements from cut tobacco to the mainstream smoke emissions are all very low,usually between 0.1-10%.Elements such as Al,V,Mn,Cu,Ni,Hg and Se rarely transfer from cut tobacco to the mainstream smoke,and the transfer rate of Cd is the highest,nearly 10%.There is an obvious positive correlation between the amount of the captured mainstream smoke grains and the transfer rates and the contents of Cd,Pb,Zn,As and Se.