不同间作模式对辣木园土壤和辣木叶营养成分的影响

Effects of Intercropping Patterns on the Soil and Leaf Nutrients in Moringa Plantations

选择白芨、猫须草、紫薯和菊苣与辣木间作,以辣木单作为对照,研究不同间作模式下,辣木园土壤养分含量、辣木叶营养成分含量的差异。结果表明,"辣木+白芨"土壤营养状况最好,其后依次为"辣木+猫须草"、"辣木+菊苣"、"辣木+紫薯"、"辣木单作";不同间作模式,对辣木叶营养成分的影响不同。"辣木+紫薯"辣木叶中可溶性糖、P、K、Ca和Mg含量高于对照、而蛋白质、维C和游离脯氨酸含量低于对照,"辣木+猫须草"辣木叶中蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸、P、K、Ca和Mg含量高于对照、而维C含量低于对照,"辣木+白芨"辣木叶中蛋白质、可溶性糖、P和K含量高于对照、而维C、游离脯氨酸、Ca和Mg含量低于对照,"辣木+菊苣"辣木叶中可溶性糖、P和K含量高于对照、而蛋白质、维C、游离脯氨酸、Ca和Mg含量均低于对照。辣木间作白芨、猫须草、菊苣、紫薯对改善辣木园土壤性质具有重要作用,辣木间作猫须草可提升辣木叶营养品质。

Moringa(Moringa oleifera) was intercropped with Bletila striata, Clerodendranthus spicatus,Dioscorea alata, Cichorium intybus with monoculture of moringa as control to observe the difference in the soil and leaf nutrients in moringa plantations under different intercropping patterns. The results showed that the soil nutrient status was the best in the intercropping pattern of moringa + B. striata,followed by in the moringa + C. spicatus, the moringa + C. intybus, the moringa + D. alata, and the moringa monoculture. Intercropping patterns had different effects on the nutrient composition of moringa leaves. The moringa leaves had higher contents of soluble sugar, P, K, Ca and Mg, and lower contents of protein, vitamin C and free proline in the moringa + D. alata, higher contents of protein, soluble sugar,free proline, P, K, Ca and Mg, and lower content of vitamin C in the moringa + C. spicatus, higher contents of protein, soluble sugar, P, and K and lower contents of vitamin C, free proline, Ca and Mg in the moringa + B. striata, and higher contents of soluble sugar, P, and K and lower contents of protein,vitamin C, free proline, Ca and Mg in the moringa + C. intybus than those in the control. Intercropping of moringa with B. striata, C. spicatus, D. alata, and C. intybus played an important role in improving of the soil properties in the moringa plantations, and the intercropping of moringa with C. spicatus improved the nutritional quality of the moringa leaves.