共生理论视角下高校协同创新模式与路径研究

A study of the collaborative innovation mode and path in colleges and universities from the perspective of symbiosis theory

高校协同创新是实现创新型国家建设的核心载体,也是推动我国自主创新不可或缺的重要组成。本文立足于共生理论,旨在建构一个新的高校协同创新分析框架,通过考察共生单元、共生关系及共生环境的结构关系,分析共生理论模型嵌入高校协同创新的实践模式,进而厘清"单利共生-差异互利共生-均衡互利共生"的实践演化逻辑。在此基础上,从建构协同创新共生化良序系统、重塑共生化协同创新组织形态、搭建区域互利共生文化平台等维度出发提出了优化高校协同创新模式的路径选择,以期构建和完善高校协同创新共生一体化治理体系,全面提升高校协同创新的能力与可持续性。

The key to building an innovative country is to construct a symbiotic innovation system that reflects the characteristics of China′s localization, and strive to achieve the independent innovation with Chinese characteristics based on collaborative innovation practice mode in colleges and universities. Collaborative innovation in colleges and universities is not only one of the core carriers for construction of an innovative country, but also the important and indispensable to China′s independent innovation. The concept of "symbiosis" was first proposed and promoted in the field of biology. Subsequently, it was absorbed and used for reference by other disciplines. Symbiosis theory has constructed a kind of disciplinary theory, that is: internal and external symbiosis is one of the important sources of evolution or innovation. It′s core is the symbiotic relationship formed by the pluralistic symbiotic units. Symbiosis theory system covers three-dimensional structural elements: symbiosis unit, symbiosis model and symbiosis environment.Based on symbiosis theory, the paper constructs an analytical framework of collaborative innovation in colleges and universities, analyzes the structure relationship among symbiosis unit, symbiosis relationship and symbiosis environment, investigates the practical model of symbiosis theory embedded in collaborative innovation of colleges and universities. Furthermore, the paper probes into the practical evolutionary logic of single beneficial symbiosis, differentiated & mutually beneficial symbiosis, balanced & mutually beneficial symbiosis. Under the premise of science & technology innovative culture and synergetic incentive mechanism, moderate guidance and regulation are indispensable to promote and achieve the effective allocation of multi-dimensional innovation elements(information, technology, talents and funds) among the main bodies of differentiated multi-symbiotic units(universities, governments, enterprises and scientific research institutions). Symbiotic units can achieve mutual synergy through effective interaction, and then gradually strengthen in the process of evolution, differentiated symbiotic units will also gradually construct their own organizational structure in the process of interacting with external resources and energy. Under this logic of action, collaborative innovation system gradually achieve the evolutionary logic and prospect from "single beneficial symbiosis" to "differentiated & mutually beneficial symbiosis " to "balanced and mutually beneficial symbiosis".In order to promote the optimization of innovative mode of collaborative innovation in colleges and universities, perfect the governance system of symbiotic integration in collaborative innovation of colleges and universities and enhance the ability& sustainability of collaborative innovation in colleges and universities, we should construct a well-ordered system of coordination and innovative symbiosis, which is guided by external market demand, driven by collaborative technological innovation, symbiotic development as the core essence, colleges and universities(think tanks) as the support. Rebuild the organizational form of symbiotic collaborative innovation, by building innovative alliances with different dominant symbiotic populations such as universities and other symbiotic unit subjects, reconstructs the organizational form of collaborative innovation of "Industry-University-Research" in colleges and universities(think tanks), and finally realizes the orderly operation of collaborative innovation symbiotic system in colleges and universities. And build the platform of regional mutualism and symbiosis culture. Emphasis should be placed on building a "mutually beneficial symbiotic cultural platform" for collaborative innovation in colleges and universities, relying on the "mutually beneficial symbiotic cultural platform" to strengthen the construction of collaborative innovation symbiotic system in colleges and universities, actively cultivate different types of creator groups, create an institutional environment for building innovative culture, create a low-cost creator cultural space, construct an investment and financing mechanism of ecological culture, and promote the construction of eco-cultural platform of collaborative innovation symbiosis system in colleges and universities.