高新技术企业知识产权能力测度研究——基于DEMATEL-VIKOR的指数模型

A study of intellectual property capacity measurement for high-tech enterprises --An index model based on DEMATEL-VIKOR

针对高新技术企业知识产权能力测度问题的指标关联性、定性定量相结合性以及总量指标与相对指标兼顾性,本文首先设计了研究方案,包括内涵界定、测度指标体系构建以及基于DEMATEL-VIKOR的指数模型设计;然后,以2013年~2015年615家样本企业的知识产权采集信息为基础进行了实证研究。研究表明:①测度结果有助于企业管理者洞悉自身知识产权能力的真实水平及年度发展态势、明晰优势和短板以及与同行的差距;②决策机制的选择对高新技术企业知识产权能力测度结果具有显著影响,由此验证了所给模型的有效性。

With the in-depth implementation of the national intellectual property strategy, intellectual property has become a strategic resource and decisive factor for improving the core competitiveness of enterprises. As a main indicator to measure the core competitiveness of high-tech enterprises, intellectual property capacity(IPC briefly) is also an important means to accelerate the transformation of intellectual property from quantitative speed to quality efficiency. Existing studies have highlighted the features of the measurement problem of IPC for high-tech enterprises, involving criteria interdependency, combination of qualitative and quantitative measurement, and consideration of gross and relative criteria. However, existing models can not satisfy the requirements of these aforementioned features. In view of this, it is necessary to present a scientific definition of IPC for high-tech enterprises and propose an effective index model to ensure the scientificity of the measurement process and the accuracy of measurement results.The main contributions of this study are as follows. First, it enriches the connotation of IPC. Combining the typical characteristics of high-tech enterprises and their higher requirements for intellectual property rights, the connotation of IPC is defined. The five-dimensional elements including the "basic innovation capacity-intellectual property creation capacity-intellectual property utilization capacity-intellectual property protection capacity – intellectual property management capacity" are further clarified, respectively. Second, an IPC criteria system with a network hierarchical structure is constructed. Based on the principles that criteria can be described, data can be obtained, processes can be traced, and results can be compared, the criteria for IPC measurement are selected, and a network processing of criteria interdependency is conducted according to the non-bidirectional equivalence of the criteria. Third, an index model based on DEMATEL-VIKOR is proposed. The design of the measurement process of the model fully echoes the characteristics of the IPC measurement problem of high-tech enterprises. The criteria interdependency analysis and criteria data processing are used to solve the criteria interdependency, as well as the combination of qualitative and quantitative measurement and the balance between the gross and the relative criteria, respectively. At the same time, the model is with a clear solution and strong practicability. It not only can realize the visualization of the importance and classification of criteria, but also provides necessary decision support for the formulation of IPC improvement strategies. It also incorporates the subjective preferences of experts and considers both the maximization of group utility and the minimization of individual regrets, making the measurement results of IPC closer to reality.