哥伦比亚莫科阿泥石流灾害成因

Causes of Mudslide Disaster in Mocoa, Colombia

2017年3月31日,在哥伦比亚普图马约省的山区由于连续强降雨引发泥石流灾害。当地时间4月1日,泥石流灾害已经导致273人死亡、200多人受伤。为避免扩大泥石流灾害的影响范围和防范泥石流灾害再次发生,该文对此次泥石流灾害事件发生成因进行了详细的分析。此次泥石流灾害是灾难发生前几天的持续降雨和灾难发生当晚的大暴雨共同作用下导致的。洪水从上游支沟的坡面和两侧冲流向沟居民区,在流动的过程中将松动的土壤、碎石和树枝等一并冲下。由于中下游松散物质的补充,使得泥石流的峰值急剧上升达到平时水流量的3-4倍。分析认为,泥石流的成因是许多因素相互影响,共同作用导致的。

Mudslides caused by continuous heavy rains hit a mountainous area in putumayo province, Colombia, March 31, 2017. On April 1, 273 people were killed and more than 200 injured in the mudslide. In order to avoid expanding the scope of the debris flow disaster and prevent the recurrence of the debris flow disaster, this paper analyzes the causes of the debris flow disaster in detail. The mudslide was caused by a combination of heavy rain in the days before and the night of the disaster. The flood flows from the slope and sides of the upper reaches of the ditch to the residential areas of the ditch, washing down loose soil, gravel and branches as it goes. Due to the supplement of loose materials in the middle and lower reaches, the peak value of debris flow rises sharply to 3-4 times of the normal water flow. It is concluded that the cause of debris flow is caused by the interaction of many factors.