东北三省汉族人群的遗传特征及族源推断研究

Research on Genetic Characteristics and Ethnic Origin of Han People in Three Provinces of Northeast China

为研究东北三省汉族人群17个常染色体STR基因座的遗传多态性,在获得书面知情同意的基础上,研究抽取了东北三省汉族人群中无直接亲缘关系的326份血样卡,其中,辽宁省63份,吉林省107份,黑龙江省156份。使用PowerPlex@21 System荧光扩增试剂盒对17个STR基因座进行基因分型,再利用Modified-Powerstates软件计算其法医学参数。经分析得出,在17个基因座中,13个基因座的个体识别能力及遗传多态性较高,其中D18S51、FGA和PENTA_E 3个基因座尤为突出;剩余4个基因座中,D3S1358和CSF1PO中等,TH01和TPOX较低。同时对东北三省汉族人群和其他14个人群进行族源推断,通过对等位基因频率进行主成分分析、遗传距离计算、多维尺度分析,研究发现14个人群中的所有汉族、云南白族、云南彝族、云南纳西族和韩国均与东北三省汉族的人群之间具有较近的遗传距离,而剩余人群则与目标人群距离较远。

In order to study the genetic polymorphism of 17 autosomal STR loci in the Han people in three provinces of Northeast China,on the basis of written informed consent,326 unrelated blood samples were collected,including 63 in Liaoning Province,107 in Jilin Province and 156 in Heilongjiang Province.17 STR loci were genotyped by PowerPlex@21 System fluorescence amplification kit,and their forensic parameters were calculated by Modified-Power states software.The results show that out of the 17 loci,13 loci have higher individual recognition ability and genetic polymorphism,among which the three loci D18S51,FGA and PENTA_E loci are particularly prominent,while among the remaining four loci,D3S1358 and CSF1PO are moderate,TH01 and TPOX are lower.Principal component analysis,genetic distance calculation,and multi-dimensional scale analysis were used to infer the ethnic origins of Han people and 14 other populations in the three provinces.This study found that Han people,Bai nationality,Yi nationality,Naxi nationality from Yunnan and people from South Korea in the 14 populations all have a close genetic distance from Han people in the three provinces of Northeast China,while the remaining populations are genetically far away from the target population.