菲律宾蛤仔垦区三联人工育苗技术

Artificial breeding technology of Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)in diked tidal flat

2017年9月至2018年1月,在福清东壁岛三联垦区(A、B、C)开展了菲律宾蛤仔垦区人工育苗技术研究,其中A、B垦区用于育苗,C垦区用于饵料培育,并于2017年9月开始分两批次共向A、B垦区投放菲律宾蛤仔亲贝1670 t。结果显示,育苗期间菲律宾蛤仔亲贝共出现4次大规模产卵。亲贝精卵排放率为32.0%~84.0%,孵化率为45.00%~68.54%;浮游幼虫生长速度为4.73~7.14μm/d,变态率为28.37%~59.67%;稚贝壳长生长速度为7.08~25.10μm/d,共培育砂粒苗7580亿粒,育苗成活率为50.23%。因此,采用垦区三联方法可保障菲律宾蛤仔苗种的生物饵料供给,从而提高砂粒苗的生长速度和成活率。

From September 2017 to January 2018,the experiment on artificial seedling technology,or so called triple flat method,for Malina clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)was carried out in diked tidal flats of A,B and C in Dongbi Island of Fuqing.The flats A and B were used for seedling cultivation and C for food cultivation.A total of 1670 tons of Malina clam were put into the flats A and B in September 2017,and four large-scale spawnings occurred during the seedling period of the parent clams.Results showed that the sperm and egg emission rates of parent clams were 32.00%-84.00%and the hatching rates were 45.00%-68.54%,respectively.The growth rates of planktonic larvae were 4.73-7.14μm/d.The attachment metamorphosis rate was 28.37%-59.67%.The growth rate of juvenile shells was 7.08-25.10μm/d.As results,758.0 billion grain-size seedlings were cultivated with a survival rate of 50.23%.Therefore,the triple flat method in reclamation area could improve the biological feed supply,the growth rate and survival rate of seedlings.