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中央集权与地方自治博弈下的改革道路--以1848年英国《公共卫生法》为中心 被引量:2

The Path of Reform under the Game between the Centralization and the Local Autonomy:A Case Study of Public Health Act of 1848 in Britain
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摘要 在19世纪工业化及城市化进程中,随着城市公共卫生状况的恶化,英国于1848年出台了世界上第一部《公共卫生法》。在法案出台过程中,中央派与地方派虽然都力推公共卫生改革,但在改革道路问题上却存在显著分歧,出现激烈博弈。法案的出台,标志着博弈之后妥协式的中央政府主导下以地方自治为核心的改革道路的形成。这既体现出中央权力对于地方事务的渗透与监管,又充分尊重并延续了中世纪以来的地方自治传统,为后续的公共卫生改革路径提供了借鉴。
作者 倪念念 刘金源 Ni Niannian;Liu Jinyuan
出处 《历史教学(下半月)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第3期23-27,共5页 History Teaching
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  • 1Robert M Gutchen, "Local Improvements and Centralization in Nineteenth Century England", The Historical Journal, Vol. 4 (1961) ,p. 91.
  • 2Milo R. Maltbie," The English Local Government Board", Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 13 (1898), p. 233.
  • 3Norman Chester, The English Administrative System 1780 - 1870, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1981, p. 324.
  • 4Sidney and Beatrice Webb, English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act:the Parish and the County, Longman, 1906, p. 368.
  • 5B. Keith - Lucas, "Some Influences Affecting the Development of Sanitary Legislation in England", The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 6 ( 1954 ), p. 295.
  • 6B. Keith - Lucas, "Some Influences Affecting the Development of Sanitary Legislation in England", p. 296.
  • 7Royston Lambert," Central and Local Relations in Mid - Victorian England:The Local Government Act Office 1858 - 1871", Victorian Studies,Vol. 6(1962) ,p. 376.
  • 8Royston Lambert," Central and Local Relations in Mid - Victorian England:The Local Government Act Office 1858 - 1871" pp. 378 - 380.
  • 9Royston Lambert," Central and Local Relations in Mid - Victorian England : The Local Government Act Office 1858 - 1871" p. 123.
  • 10Norman Chester, The English Administrative System 1780 -1870, p. 361.

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