铸钢车轮踏面夹渣缺陷分析与防止

Formation Causes Analysis and Prevention of Tread Slag in Cast Steel Wheels

对铸钢车轮踏面夹渣样品的特征及成分、钢的熔炼过程进行了分析,确认夹渣是钢液中的氧化渣与脱氧产物化合而成,其主要成分为低熔点锰铝硅酸盐。采用氧化渣出钢的单渣法炼钢,钢液过氧化程度高,硅脱氧产物与氧化渣反应,钢液中形成大量锰铝硅酸盐复合低熔点渣,上浮不充分,浇注过程随钢液进入车轮型腔至踏面位置,因石墨的急冷作用迅速结壳,凝固后形成踏面夹渣缺陷。通过控制氧化期吹氧强度并改进熔炼操作方式,踏面夹渣缺陷产生几率明显降低。

The feature and chemical composition of tread slag in cast-steel wheels and the steel-making process were analyzed. It was confirmed that tread slag came from the deoxidation process and main component is manganese aluminum silicate with low melting point. Liquid steel had a high oxygen level under the condition of oxidation slag mode of single slag method and formed a large amount of manganese aluminum silicate because of the reaction between SiO2 and the oxidizing slag, but the low melting point slags did not fully floated up and filled the mold together with steel. During the pouring process, the molten steel entered into the mould cavity and reached the tread position. Due to the rapid cooling effect of graphite, the crust quickly formed, and the slag inclusion on the tread was formed after solidification. By controlling oxygen blowing intensity in oxidizing period and improving melting operations, the probability of tread slag formation was significantly decreased.