论《史记》中的民间妇女形象

On the Image of the Folk Women in Historical Records

中国历代史书多记录帝王将相的丰功伟绩,对妇女记载较少,而且有关妇女的记载多为上层贵族。太史公反其道而行之,在《史记》中以超前的历史观对被忽视的民间妇女群体也有精彩描写,她们或慷慨果敢,见识不凡;或开放自由,行为洒脱;或操持家务,事业多样;其形象积极活跃、昂扬开放。这些形象的产生绝非太史公臆造,而是与当时国家政策有保护妇女的倾向,家庭经济依赖妇女贡献,社会较为宽容等因素有关。此外,太史公具有平等精神和人文情怀的女性观,也是《史记》民间妇女形象产生的重要原因。

Most of the history books in China have recorded the great achievements of emperors and generals, but very few have depicted the merits of women, and most of the records about women are of the upper aristocratic class. However, Tai Shi Gong went the other way. In Historical Records, he had a wonderful description of the unnoticed folk women with an advanced view of history. They are either generous and bold and knowledgeable, or open and free, free and easy;they do housework and varied careers. Briefly, the images of folk women in Taishi Gong’s works are active and open. The emergence of thr images was by no means created out of thin air, which was closely related to the social environment at that time. They are related to the national policy for the protection of women, the family economy depending on the contribution of women, the ideological atmosphere being tolerance of women and so on. On the other hand, the view of women with equality spirit and humanistic feelings is also an important reason to shape the images of folk women in Historical Records.