太焦铁路多维时空采空区选线及勘察评价

Line Selection and Survey Evaluation of Multidimensional Space-time Goaf of Taiyuan-Jiaozuo Railway

研究目的:太焦铁路沿线所经长治、高平、晋城、焦作等地区均为资源型城市,煤矿、硫铁矿、山西式铁矿开采历史悠久,采空密布杂乱,具有多样性、长期性、隐伏性、密集性等特点,严重制约线路方案贯通和走向。以往石太客专、京沪高铁、沪昆高铁、沈丹客专、京沈高铁等高等级铁路也存在采空区问题,但多以勘察、绕避为主,治理为辅的方式解决,并未从根本上提出采空区选线的理论。近几年,随着东北、内蒙及中西部铁路市场的发展,高速铁路穿越采空区问题突显,亟待从实践中总结一套采空区选线理念。研究结论:(1)太焦铁路为第一条穿越大面积采空区的高速铁路,较传统的地质选线思维和方法有所创新,在对沁水煤田古地理、聚矿规律、构造演化、地层层序、大断裂、开发利用深入研究后,以铁路方案走向为基础,经勘察评价验证,总结出一套由"面"到"线"集"点"成"体"的多维时空采空区选线理念,经案例分析,该方法能够切实反映采空区分布的时空规律,可为方案选择提供支撑;(2)多维时空采空区选线理念的探索对于华北地块区域内的线性工程规划、建设研究具有借鉴意义。

Research purposes: The areas along the Taiyuan-Jiaozuo railway are resource-based cities,such as Changzhi,Gaoping,Jincheng and Jiaozuo. Coal mines,pyrites and Shanxi-style iron ores have a long history of mining,and goaves are dense and disorderly. They have the characteristics of diversity,long-term,concealment and denseness,which seriously restrict the running-through and direction of railway. In the past,there were goaf problems in Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan passenger special railway,Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway,Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway,Shenyang-Dandong high-speed railway and Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway,but most of them were solved by means of investigation and circumvention,supplemented by treatment,and the theory of selecting the route of goaf was not put forward fundamentally. In recent years,with the development of railway market in Northeast,Inner Mongolia and Midwest China,the problem of high-speed railway crossing goaf areas has become prominent,and it is urgent to summarize a set of goaf area route selection concept from practice.Research conclusions:( 1) Taiyuan-Jiaozuo railway is the first high-speed railway crossing a large area of goaf. It is more innovative than the traditional thinking and method of geological route selection. Based on the in-depth study of Qinshui coalfield ’s palaeogeography,ore-accumulating regularity,tectonic evolution,stratigraphic sequence,large faults,development and utilization,a set of multidimensional space-time goaf line selection concept from " surface" to " line" and " point" into " body" is summarized based on the railway plan trend and through investigation and evaluation verification. The case study shows that the method can reflect the spatial and temporal law of goaf distribution and provide support for scheme selection.( 2) The exploration of multi-dimensional space-time goaf line selection is great significance for the study of linear engineering planning and construction in the North China.