间充质干细胞外泌体在糖尿病肾病治疗中的研究进展

Research advances in the role of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes in treatment of diabetic nephropathy

糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)已成为影响人类健康的重大问题,防治其发生发展备受业界关注。近年来,干细胞移植治疗策略在防治DN进展中已彰显潜力,尤其是间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSCs)移植治疗。越来越多的证据表明,MSCs主要以旁分泌方式发挥治疗功能,而其释放一系列纳米级囊泡(外泌体)则作为细胞间通讯的重要介质。MSCs可将干细胞表型传递给受体细胞,促进干细胞维持、分化、自我更新与修复,并且可能介导基质元件之间相互作用,促进受体细胞的组织修复再生。新近干细胞外泌体介导治疗慢性肾脏病已成为研究热点,在DN研究中已取得一定结果。本文主要就干细胞外泌体治疗DN的国内外研究最新进展进行综述并讨论。

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)has become a major problem affecting human health,and the prevention and treatment of its development and progression has attracted more and more attention in the industry.In recent years,stem cell transplantation has shown great potential in the prevention and treatment of DN,especially mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation.More and more studies have shown that MSCs mainly exert a therapeutic effect in a paracrine mode,and a series of nanoscale vesicles(exosomes)released by MSCs act as an important mediator for intercellular communication.These exosomes can transfer stem cell phenotype to recipient cells,promote stem cell maintenance,differentiation,self-renewal,and repair,mediate interactions between matrix elements,and promote tissue repair and regeneration of recipient cells.Stem cell exosome-mediated treatment of chronic kidney disease has become a research hotspot in recent years,and some achievements have been made in the treatment of DN.This article reviews the recent advances in stem cell exosomes in the treatment of DN in China and foreign countries.