家庭财富与城镇居民创业行为研究

Household Wealth and Entrepreneurial Behavior of Urban Residents

企业家创业活动在经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用,本文从家庭财富的视角研究我国城镇居民的创业问题。利用CHIPS2008年数据研究发现:家庭财富越多,城镇居民选择创业的概率越高,即创业过程中存在流动性约束。通过选取更为外生的财富衡量指标以及引入工具变量两种方法缓解潜在的内生性问题后,研究结论依旧稳健。进一步区分财富对不同类型创业活动的异质性影响发现,财富显著提高了城镇居民选择“自雇型”创业的概率,但对选择“雇主型”创业影响较小或不存在显著的影响。考虑到截面数据对财富与创业行为关系的识别可能存在一定的局限性,本文进一步引入CFPS面板数据,利用面板固定效应模型对两者之间的关系进行稳健性检验。本文的研究结论可为政府优化金融环境,缓解信贷约束,促进居民创业行为提供依据。

Entrepreneurial activities play an important role in economic and social development.This paper studies the entrepreneurial behavior of urban residents in China from the perspective of household wealth.Using CHIPS2008 data,it is found that the more household wealth,the higher the probability that urban residents choose to start a business.After selecting more exogenous wealth measures and instrumental variable methods to alleviate potential endogenous problems,the research conclusions remain stable.Distinguishing the heterogeneity of wealth on different types of entrepreneurial activities,further results show that wealth significantly increased the probability of urban residents choosing“self-employed”entrepreneurship,but had little or no significant impact on the choice of“employer-type”entrepreneurship.Considering that the cross-section data may have certain limitations on the identification of the relationship between wealth and entrepreneurial behavior,this paper further introduces the CFPS panel data,and uses the panel fixed effect model to test the robustness of the result.The conclusions of this paper are to provide a basis for the government to optimize the financial environment,ease credit constraints,and promote residents'entrepreneurial behavior.