4~8岁孤独症谱系障碍男性患儿多元智能结构及特征的研究

Study on the structure and characteristics of multiple intelligences in boys with autism spectrum disorders aged 4-8 years

目的分析孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)男性患儿多元智能结构及特征。方法 2018年8月-2019年2月于中山大学附属第三医院儿童发育中心招募4~8岁ASD男童63名(6.18±1.16)岁组成ASD组,另以年龄匹配的方式招募正常男性儿童69名(5.98±1.10)岁作为对照组(TD组)。采用中文版多元智能发展量表-甲式(CMIDAS-A)比较两组儿童多元智能结构差异。结果 ASD组在动觉智能、知己智能、知人智能得分低于TD组(Z=5.053、3.177、6.398,P<0.05),而语言智能、数学-逻辑智能、空间智能、音乐智能、自然智能得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ASD男童运动、知己及知人智能偏弱,而该群体优势智能为数学-逻辑智能及音乐智能,可根据儿童多元智能特点,了解其兴趣和优势,制定个性化的干预措施。

Objective To analyze the structure and characteristics of multiple intelligences in children with autism spectrum disorders(ASD). Methods cross-sectional study was conducted in this study. Totally 63 ASD boys with average age of(6.18±1.16) years old were enrolled as ASD group from August 2018 to February 2019, meanwhile 69 typical boys with average age of(5.98±1.10) years old were selected as control group. The Chinese Version of Multiple Intelligences Development Scale-A(CMIDAS-A) was used to assess the multiple intelligences of the children. Results he scores of kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence of ASD boys were significantly lower than those of typical boys(Z=5.053, 3.177, 6.398, P<0.05), while there was no significant differences on the scores of language intelligence, mathematics-logic intelligence, spatial intelligence, musical intelligence and natural intelligence between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with TD boys, ASD boys are weak in kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence, and their dominant intelligences were mathematics-logic and music intelligences. So it is supposed to make individualized intervention measures according to the interest and advantages of ASD children.