1997-2016年邯郸市流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of the Japanese encephalitis in Handan city of China during 1997 and 2016

目的了解邯郸市流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)发病趋势和流行病学特征,为今后科学防控乙脑提供依据。方法利用描述性流行病学方法对1997-2016年邯郸市乙脑病例的流行强度和流行病学特征进行分析。结果1997-2016年邯郸市共报告乙脑病例282例,年平均发病率为0.160/10万。原19个县(市、区)均有乙脑病例报告,各地发病情况不平衡,沿河流分布县发生病例较多。发病呈明显季节性,主要集中于夏秋季,8-9月份病例最多,占总病例数的65.957%(186/282)。年龄主要分布在5~9岁,占总发病数的15.248%(43/282),其次为10~14岁,占8.865%(25/282),50~54岁占8.156%(23/282),60~64岁占8.156%(23/282),且呈现向高年龄组推移趋势。排在前3位的职业分别是农民(154例)、学生(67例)和散居儿童(28例)。结论邯郸市乙脑发病呈低发态势,成年病例数增加,要在保持乙脑疫苗高接种率的基础上,继续加强监测,重点关注河流流经地区乙脑的防控。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE) in Handan city of China. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the reported JE cases in Handan city of China from 1997 to 2016. Results A total of 282 JE cases were reported in Handan city from 1997 to 2016 with an average annual incidence rate at 0.160/10~5.All original 19 counties reported JE cases but the incidences were different.More cases occurred in counties along the river and peaked in summer andautumn, especially August and September(186/282, 65.957%).Most cases were between 5 and 9 years old(43/282, 15.248%), next were 10-14 years old(25/282, 8.865%), 50-54 years old(23/282, 8.156%) and 60-64 years old(23/282, 8.156%).The top three occupations were farmers(154 cases), students(67 cases) and scattered children(28 cases). Conclusions The incidence of JE in Handan city of China is low at present while the number of adult cases is increasing.More attention should be paid to areas along the rivers on the prevention and control of JE.