内蒙古阿荣旗耕地土壤养分现状与分布

Status and distribution of soil nutrients in cultivated soil in Arun Banner of Inner Mongolia

【目的】进一步提高和巩固内蒙古阿荣旗耕地质量。【方法】于2017年对阿荣旗12个乡(镇)以及农场和林场等耕地养分状况进行调查。【结果】根据2017年阿荣旗耕地质量等级评价标准,全旗耕地土壤有机质平均含量51.14 g/kg,属于1级(高)水平;全氮含量为2.43 g/kg,属于2级(较高)水平;有效磷、速效钾含量分别为44.01 mg/kg和255.29 mg/kg,均属于1级(高)水平。阿荣旗耕地土壤养分含量差异较大,各养分指标的变异系数在17.63%~37.76%,其中,土壤有机质含量的变异系数最小、有效磷的变异系数最大。1982-2006年相同点位的调查结果显示,耕层土壤(0~20 cm)的有机质、全氮、速效钾含量明显下降,有效磷含量有所提高。【结论】通过本次耕地地力调查与质量评价,为加强阿荣旗耕地质量保护与建设、改良利用土壤、科学施肥提供了一定的依据。

【Objective】In order to further improve and consolidate in Arun Banner of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】Nutrient status of cultivated land of 12 towns,farms and forest farms in Arun Banner were investigated in 2017.【Results】According to the 2017 Arun Banner arable land quality grade evaluation standard,the average soil organic matter content of the entire banner arable land is 51.14 g/kg,which belongs to the level 1(high);the total nitrogen content is 2.43 g/kg,which belongs to the level 2(higher);available phosphorus was 44.01 mg/kg and available potassium content was 255.29 mg/kg,all of which belong to the level 1(high).The soil nutrient content of cultivated land in Arun Banner varies greatly,and the coefficient of variation of each nutrient index ranges from 17.63%to 37.76%.Among them,the coefficient of variation of soil organic matter content is the smallest,and the coefficient of variation of available phosphorus is the largest.From 1982 to 2006,the results of four surveys at the same site showed that the organic matter,the total nitrogen and available potassium of the cultivated soil(0-20 cm)decreased significantly,and the content of available phosphorus increased.【Conclusion】Through the investigation and quality evaluation of cultivated land,it provides an important scientific basis for strengthening the quality protection and construction of cultivated land,and improving the utilization of soil and scientific fertilization.