维持性血液透析肾功能衰竭动静脉内瘘血栓形成原因

Causes of Thrombosis in Arteriovenous Fistula in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients With Renal Failure

目的研究维持性血液透析肾功能衰竭患者动静脉内瘘血栓形成原因及临床特点。方法选择在本科室进行肾功能衰竭患者进行调查,此次调查时间为2018年1月—2019年10月。参与此次调查患者共计126例,均进行维持性血液透析治疗。将患者分为两组,每组63例。试验组患者均形成动静脉内瘘血栓。对比组未均形成动静脉内瘘血栓。分析形成血栓的因素以及临床特点与表现。结果对比组糖尿病构成比和试验组相比较低,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对比组患者女性占比和试验组相比较低,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对比组超滤量和试验组相比较低,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肾功能衰竭患者经维持性血液透析治疗中,穿刺不当以及过度超滤可以作为主要的风险因素,此外女性患者发生血栓的原因也高于男性。

Objective To study the cause and clinical characteristics of thrombosis in arteriovenous fistula(IVF)of patients with renal failure after hemodialysis.Methods Patients with renal failure were investigated in the department from January 2018 to October 2019.A total of 126 patients participated in the investigation,all of whom were received maintenance hemodialysis treatment.The patients were divided into two groups,63 cases in each group.All the patients in the experimental group were developed arteriovenous fistula thrombus.There was no arteriovenous fistula thrombus in the control group.To analyze the factors,clinical characteristics and manifestations of thrombosis.Results The proportion of diabetes mellitus in the control group was lower than in the experimental group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the proportion of women in the control group was lower than in the experimental group,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the ultrafiltration quantity in the control group was lower than that in the experimental group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Improper puncture and ultrafiltration can be the main risk factors in the maintenance hemodialysis treatment of patients with renal failure.In addition,the cause of thrombus in female patients is higher than that in male patients.