大学物理创新型实验的探索与实践——以空气比热容比值的温度特性研究为例

Exploration and Practice of University Physics Innovation Experiment——Taking the temperature characteristic of specific heat ratio of air as example

开展创新型大学物理实验是目前大学物理实验教学和研究者关注的热点问题。本文以大学物理实验中空气比热容比的测定为例,演示如何开设创新型实验。首先引导学生了解空气比热容比的定义及理论计算方法,其次通过自制变温装置,测量了空气比热容比值的温度特性,最后利用所学知识对实验结果进行合理解释。本实验的开展可培养学生的科学思维,锻炼学生的自主学习和独立思考问题的能力,为如何开展大学物理创新实验提供一个较好的范例。

Carrying out innovative university physics experiment is a hot issue in university physics experiment teaching and researchers.This paper takes the measurement of specific heat ratio of air as an example to demonstrate how to set up an innovative experiment.During the experiment,the teacher firstly guided students to understand the definition and theoretical calculation method of the specific heat capacity ratio of air.Then the temperature characteristics of the specific heat capacity ratio of air were measured through the self-made variable temperature equipment.Lastly inspired the students to give a reasonable interpretation for the experiment results with the theoretical knowledge they have learned.The carrying out of this experiment can cultivate students′scientific thinking,exercise students′ability of independent study and thinking for themselves as well as provide a good example for how to carry out innovative experiment of university physics.