济南市新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者隔离医学观察情况分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of the isolation medicine observation for close contacts of Coronavirus disease 2019 in Jinan City

目的分析济南市新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)密切接触者隔离医学观察情况。方法收集2020年1月24日至3月1日济南市COVID-19处置期间流行病学调查资料,筛选出因新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)被隔离的密切接触者信息,采用Excel 2007和SPSS16.0软件对数据资料进行整理与分析。结果共对1455例COVID-19密切接触者进行隔离医学观察,从中共检出28例2019-nCOV感染者,包括25例确诊COVID-19病例和3例阳性无症状者,罹患率为1.92%。1455例COVID-19密切接触者主要分布在历下区(40.69%)、历城区(16.98%)及市中区(8.38%)。与原发病例不同关系的密切接触者的2019-nCOV检出率不同(χ^2=180.34,P<0.001),其中与原发病例为亲属关系的密切接触者罹患率最高(15.38%)。2019-nCOV感染的密切接触者共有13例原发病例,其中5例(38.46%)有武汉旅行史,1例(7.69%)有湖北旅行史,3例(23.08%)有除湖北外外地旅行史,其余4例(30.77%)无外地旅行史。济南市管理的密切接触者中23例发病,其中8例(34.78%)在密切观察期前已发病,发病至隔离的时间间隔中位数为5 d。15例(65.22%)在隔离观察期内发病,时间间隔中位数为3 d。23例COVID-19密切接触者医学观察期至确诊时间中位数2 d,发病至确诊时间中位数为3 d。济南市管理的密切接触者中23例发病,其中17例(73.91%)临床严重程度为普通型患者,6例(23.09%)为轻型患者。结论COVID-19病例密切接触者中存在阳性无症状者;应针对重点地区输入人员及密切接触者进行筛查,尽早采取综合防控措施;加强高危人群居家隔离的个人防护措施。

Objective To analyze the isolation medicine observation for close contacts of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Jinan City.Methods All information of close contacts who were isolated due to COVID-19 was collected from the epidemiological survey during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Jinan City from January 24 to March 1,2020.The softwares of Excel 2016 and SPSS16.0 were used to sort and analyze data.Results A total of 1455 close contacts were isolated for medical observation.A total of 28 cases of 2019-nCOV infection were detected,including 25 cases of confirmed COVID-19 and 3 cases of positive asymptomatic.The attack rate was 1.92%.1455 close contacts were mainly distributed in Lixia District(40.69%),Licheng District(16.98%)and Shizhong District(8.38%).The detection rate of 2019-nCOV was different among close contacts who had a different relationship with the primary case(χ^2=180.34,P<0.001),among which close-connected cases had the highest incidence of close contacts(15.38%).There were 13 primary cases of close contacts of 2019-nCOV infection,of which 5(38.46%)had a travel history in Wuhan City,1(7.69%)had a travel history in Hubei province,and 3(23.08%)had traveled outside Hubei Province,the remaining 4 cases(30.77%)had no history of field travel.There were 23 of the close contacts who were managed by Jinan City developed disease,of which 8(34.78%)had developed disease before the close observation period,and the median time interval from onset to isolation was 5 days.There were 15 patients(65.22%)who developed disease during the isolation observation period with a median interval of 3 days.The median time of 23 close contacts from the beginning of the medical observation period to the diagnosis was 2 days,and the median time from onset to diagnosis was 3 days.There were 23 of the close contacts who were managed by Jinan City developed disease,of which 17 patients(73.91%)was ordinary type,and 6 patients(23.09%)were mild.Conclusion There are positive and asymptomatic persons in close contact with 2019-nCOV infection cases.Screening should be conducted for imported personnel and close contacts who come from key areas.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken as soon as possible.Personal protection measures for home isolation of high-risk groups should be strengthened.