从“社会矿场”到“社会工厂”——论数字资本主义时代的“中心-散点”结构

From“Social Mines”to“Social Factory”--Study on the“Center-scatter”Structure in the Era of Digital Capitalism

"中心-散点"结构是数字资本主义时代的典型生产结构,它通常由一个技术型、研发型的核心企业和大量零散分布的边缘经济体共同组成。"中心-散点"结构有两种形态,一种是核心企业与边缘企业共同组成的外包模式,另一种则是基于互联网技术的"平台-个人"模式。"中心-散点"结构的存在依赖于数字技术打造的"社会矿场",劳工可以利用数字工具在社会范围内获取海量资源。"中心-散点"结构的生产方式则是"社会工厂",劳工可以突破时空限制,将整个社会变为产品的制作和加工场所。由于"社会矿场"和"社会工厂"的存在,数字资本主义时代企业的资源利用率和劳动生产率都得到了提高,但剥削性的生产关系并没有发生变化。在数字技术的资本主义应用下,"中心-散点"结构中的剥削程度出现了进一步的深化,一种基于"中心-散点"结构的跨国数字资本主义积累体系也开始出现。

The"central-scatter"structure is a typical production structure in the era of digital capitalism.It is usually composed of a technical and R&D core enterprise and a large number of scattered edge economies.There are two forms of"central-scatter"structure,one is the outsourcing model composed of core enterprises and edge enterprises,and the other is the"platform-individual"model based on Internet technology.The existence of the"central-scatter"structure relies on"social mines"created by digital technology,and laborers can use digital tools to acquire more resources within the society.The production method of"central-scatter"structure is"social factory",and laborers can break through time and space restrictions and turn the whole society into a production and processing place for products.Due to the existence of"social mines"and"social factories",the resource utilization rate and labor productivity of enterprises in the era of digital capitalism have been improved,but the exploitative production relations have not changed.Under the capitalist application of digital technology,the degree of exploitation in the"center-scatter"structure has further deepened,and a transnational digital capitalist accumulation system based on the"center-scatter"structure has also begun to appear.